Prostatitis

Prostatitis is characterized by inflammation of the prostate tissue, resulting in the development of congestion in it.

In the modern world, it is the most common urological disease in men of all ages. According to statistics, after 30 years prostatitis covers 30% of the male population, after 40 - 40%, after 50 - 50% and further in ascending order.

However, taking into account the peculiarities of the diagnosis and the possibility of the course of the disease in a latent form, the real figures are much higher.

Reasons for development

Currently, the causes of the development of prostatitis are divided into two large groups:

1. Infectious - (sexually transmitted infections (penetration into the tissues of the prostate gland of the causative agent - microbes, viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc. ): also the presence of foci of chronic infection (chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, renal pathology), operations on the pelvic organs, etc. ).
2. Non-infectious (stagnant) (decreased immunity, hypothermia, decreased physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, prolonged sexual abstinence and vice versa excessive sexual activity, alcohol abuse, etc. ).

The development of prostatitis is facilitated by injuries, impaired blood and lymphatic circulation in the pelvic organs, hormonal disorders (absolute or relative androgen deficiency).

Thus, it is emphasized that the isolated entry of the pathogen into the tissues of the organ is not always and may not necessarily be the cause of the development of the disease. The most frequently identified pathogen is Escherichia coli (86%), followed by Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regarding streptococci, staphylococci, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, ureaplasma, the opinions of researchers about their importance in the development of the disease differ. It is extremely rare that specific pathogens (pale treponema, Koch's bacillus, etc. ) become the causes of prostatitis.

Classification

Currently, the international classification of prostatitis has been adopted, which is the most comprehensive and covers all types of inflammation:

1. Category I. Acute prostatitis;
2. Category II. chronic bacterial prostatitis;
3. Category III. Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis / Chronic pelvic pain syndrome - a condition in which no infection is detected and lasts for more than 3 months;
   • Sub-category III A. Chronic inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (leukocytes are determined in the secret of the prostate);
   • Sub-category III B. Chronic non-inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (there are no leukocytes in the secret of the prostate);
   • Category IV. Asymptomatic chronic prostatitis (leukocytes are present in the secret of the prostate, the patient does not complain, the disease is detected by chance).

First signs

The main signs of acute prostatitis are an increase in body temperature and frequent urination, which is accompanied by cramping and low pressure. Additionally, signs of prostatitis include a burning sensation in the perineum and pain in the rectum when having a bowel movement. At the stage of purulent inflammation, spontaneous opening of the abscess and discharge of pus from the urethra or rectum are likely.

A symptom of a chronic form is burning of the urethra and perineum, discharge of pus at the end of the act of defecation or urination, increased fatigue and irritability of the body.

Difficulty urinating with prostatitis is very dangerous, which, in the absence of prompt treatment, can lead to acute urinary retention. Men should not ignore indirect signs of the development of prostatitis such as a complete or partial decrease in libido, accelerated, sometimes painful ejaculation, prolonged erection at night. All of these symptoms are characteristic of inflammation of the prostate, and even at a simple stage and lend themselves to adequate treatment.

Symptoms

If it is simply impossible not to notice acute prostatitis, then in chronic prostatitis many do not notice certain signs or attach special importance to them.

Let's list the main symptoms of prostatitis in men:

1. Urination problems. Due to the narrowing of the urethra, the stream may become slow, thin, or intermittent. To empty, the patient has to make an effort, which should not be normal. Sometimes urine literally needs to be extracted drip, especially at the initial stage of the act of urinating. Painful sensations often occur. Many patients often have the urge to urinate (especially at night), this is due to irritation of the nerve endings. Even after using the toilet, many feel that the bladder is not completely emptied, this is due to an enlarged prostate and bladder compression. In severe cases, involuntary urine leakage or incontinence may occur.
2. Painful sensations. As a rule, they are localized in the perineum, pubis or testicles, in the groin or in the lumbar region. The pain can come on suddenly and pass just as quickly, often they are quite strong, but more often there is a dull or aching character.
3. Sexual problems will inevitably arise. First, the libido will decrease drastically. Second, erection problems can arise. Third, due to problems with ejaculation (ejaculation), the average duration of sexual intercourse will change: it may become short due to premature ejaculation or, on the contrary, too long due to delayed ejaculation. Fourth, the sensations will also change, as the orgasm will not be bright. Fifth, the semen volume will be significantly reduced (only a few drops can be released, which is not normal).
4. Another characteristic symptom is conception problems. If a man is considering a child, then with prostatitis fertilization becomes impossible due to the non-viability or insufficient mobility of sperm.
5. Discharge from the urethra. They are usually white in color and viscous in texture and are more common in the morning.
6. During the acute course, there is an increase in body temperature (up to 38-39 °), fever, deterioration of the general condition, weakness, malaise and other similar manifestations. Such symptoms of prostatitis usually appear suddenly, without any preconditions.

Additionally, many have psychological issues associated with the symptoms listed above. A man may become anxious, his self-esteem will be significantly reduced, he will be depressed or irritable and nervous. Many representatives of the stronger sex are ashamed of such delicate issues and do not consider it necessary to talk about them, keeping everything in themselves. And that puts a lot of strain on the psyche, changes behavior and in some cases can lead to depression or nervous breakdown.

Chronic prostatitis

Many men do not pay much attention to manifestations of prostatitis in the early stages. These are discreet painful sensations in the bladder, frequent urges to go to the toilet. Violation of normal ejaculation and erection is associated with strong sex with age and is in no hurry to see a doctor. Such a frivolous attitude leads to the development of chronic prostatitis.

So, we list the common symptoms of various forms of chronic prostatitis:

1. Feeling of discomfort and cuts in the urethra during urination or intercourse, minor serous-purulent discharge from the urethra (mainly after prolonged urinary retention).
2. Moderate discomfort or / and pain in the form of "stiffness" and heaviness in the perineal region, appearing or worsening after drinking alcoholic beverages, physical activity, sexual intercourse. Sometimes they are transient paroxysmal in nature.
3. A decrease in fertilization capacity, which is caused by an increase in the acidity of the secretion, decrease or lack of motility of sperm, and their clumping (sticking) by their heads.
4. Sudden and frequent urges to urinate (sometimes up to 3 times in 1 hour) and a feeling of insufficient emptying of the bladder, which is explained by a violation of the nerve regulation of the prostate, its muscle fibers andthe bladder.
5. Pain during orgasm or fuzzy sensations of orgasm, ejaculation disorders, expressed in its prematurity or, on the contrary, in the excessive duration of sexual intercourse. These phenomena are associated with an inflammatory process in the seminal tubercle or with scarring resulting from inflammation.

To diagnose the disease, you need to visit a urologist. With the help of tests, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes drug therapy.

Diagnostic

To make an accurate diagnosis, a man must be examined by a doctor and tested. With prostatitis, the patient feels pain on palpation in the perineal region. Internal palpation of the rectum shows the presence of swelling in the prostate area, it becomes dense to the touch. The patient complains of problems with the genitourinary system. After collecting the history, the patient should undergo a detailed blood test for the presence of excess protein, an increase in the number of leukocytes and prostate antigen.

To exclude infection, the patient must pass a smear from the urethra. The laboratory will inoculate the identified bacteria and test their sensitivity to certain types of antibiotic agents. For an accurate image, an ultrasound of the pelvic organs is performed. It clearly shows the inflammation and enlargement of the prostate. If the gland has grown strongly, then on ultrasound you can see the presence of residual urine in the bladder.

After all the tests and exams taken, the man will be fully diagnosed and treatment prescribed.

Drugs for the treatment of prostatitis in men: a list

Complex treatment of prostatitis of various types can include different combinations of the following methods:

• immunocorrective therapy;
• antibiotic therapy;
• hormonal therapy;
• various physiotherapy procedures;
• prostate massage;
• lifestyle change;
• surgery, etc.

Treatment of prostatitis with drugs includes various drugs, including antibiotics:

• alpha-blockers;
• hormonal drugs;
• muscle relaxants;
• immunomodulators;
• rectal suppositories;
• antibacterial drugs.

When treating with antibiotics, preference is given to fluoroquinols and macrolides, since they are able to accumulate to the required concentration in the tissues of the prostate.

• Fluoroquinols.
• Macrolides.
• Less commonly used: penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines.

Prostate massage

Prostate massage gives good results. The gland receives a complex effect. First of all, it becomes possible to remove from the body the inflammatory secret that has accumulated in the prostate (it is released during massage). Improving blood circulation through these manipulations makes it possible to cope with all kinds of stagnation, and also contributes to the proper penetration of antibiotics into the tissues of the gland.

A series of exercises

Exercises for the prostate:

1. Absolutely no difficult exercise is used for both treatment and prevention. It consists in compressing and relaxing the muscles of the anus. These are the muscles that are responsible for retaining the jet during urination. Try to contract and loosen a muscle group. This will increase the blood flow to the region of the gland.
2. Use a contrast shower to improve circulation. To do this, direct the water jet towards the perineum. First, 30 seconds of very hot water, then 10 seconds of freshness.
3. In the absence of acute symptoms, you can massage yourself. This is done in order to improve blood circulation. Exercise is best done while lying down. The point of massage is the space between the anus and the scrotum. The pressures should be firm, but not aggressive. The time is 3 to 5 minutes.

Be sure to consult your doctor before exercising. Sometimes their use is categorically unacceptable.

Immunocorrection

Decreased immunity negatively affects health.

It is this factor that is one of the fundamentals in the development of the disease and its exacerbation. Long-term courses of antibiotics, which are mandatory for persistent prostatitis, also reduce the body's defenses. Therefore, it is recommended that the patient consult an immunologist to choose an immunocorrection strategy.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy of chronic prostatitis is aimed at activating blood circulation.

For this purpose, the patient is exposed to a laser, ultrasound and magnetic vibrations are used. In some cases, these procedures are replaced by warm medicinal enemas, which are regularly administered to the patient. Recommend sitz baths, mud treatment, mineral water.

Candles

All suppositories for the treatment of prostatitis have one of the properties: to relieve pain (nonsteroidal drugs), relieve spasms (based on papaverine), eliminate the inflammatory process (contain an antibiotic).

Alternative methods of treating prostatitis

Treatment of prostatitis at home is carried out only with uncomplicated forms or chronic relapse. Traditional methods can increase the body's resistance to infections and relieve pain.

1. Pumpkin seeds have long been used by healers in the treatment of prostatitis. They are a good, popular and very affordable remedy for this condition. Since these seeds contain a lot of zinc, which is necessary for any man at any age, they are a quick cure for prostatitis. You just need to eat 30 seeds a day before meals. This is exactly the daily proportion of zinc for the body.
2. The seeds and roots of the plant are suitable. The crushed roots of the plant are boiled for 10 minutes at the rate of half a glass of raw materials per 1 liter of water. The entire amount of broth is drunk in equal portions instead of water. The seeds are infused in 4 teaspoons per glass of boiling water. Insist 40 minutes in a saucepan or 15 minutes in a thermos. To consume about 3 to 5 times a day for a tablespoon.
3. The main ingredient is hazelnut. To treat prostatitis, you need to take either the bark or the leaves of the hazelnut. You can prepare the two ingredients alternately, alternating between them. Just be aware that the bark needs to be brewed twice as long as it is harder. So, take a tablespoon of hazelnut leaves (or bark) and boil it in a glass of boiling water. Close the lid tightly and wait half an hour. Then strain and take 1/4 cup 4 times a day. It's best to use fresh twigs each time, but you can also use those that have already been used several times. Usually a week of such procedures is enough - and the prostatitis goes away.
4. For the treatment of the disease, candles are made, which are stored in the freezer. For the dough, take 1 teaspoon of honey, 1 egg and about 3 tablespoons of flour. The components are mixed until smooth, forming candles. Use in two cures morning and evening, 1 piece for 1 month with an interval of 10 days.
5. Celandine is used with caution. The plant is poisonous, an overdose leads to severe poisoning. At the same time, the medicine based on celandine will cleanse the body of polyps, neoplasms, cysts, and prevent prostate adenoma. Freshly squeezed juice is diluted with alcohol in equal parts. Drink daily, diluting in 50 ml of water. Start treatment with 1 drop increasing the concentration by 1 drop per day for 60 days. After 10 days, the course is repeated.

Most folk remedies are used daily 1-3 times in 20-30 day cures. Treatment with herbal home remedies lasts longer due to their mild effect than drugs, but it is safer for the body, especially in the presence of concomitant diseases of the intestines and stomach. The treatment should be accompanied by gymnastics: lifting the legs, squatting. Intensive walking is recommended for 15 to 30 minutes per day.

Complications of prostatitis

In the absence of timely and adequate treatment, prostatitis can be complicated by the following conditions:

• the development of chronic prostatitis;
• bladder obstruction;
• the development of infertility;
• recurrent cystitis;
• narrowing of the urethra;
• pyelonephritis;
• abscess of the prostate;
• sepsis.

Some of the above conditions require urgent surgery!

Preventative measures

Prevention is about avoiding provoking factors. A healthy lifestyle, safe sex and the presence of a partner will reduce the risk of infection of the genitourinary system. The general strengthening of the organism and the increase of the immune defenses are also a preventive measure of prostatitis.